Chondroitin sulfate, bismuth nitrate, and zinc sulfate by photometric titration
Titrations using color indicators are widely used in pharmacopeias. When performed manually, the results depend, quite literally, on the eye of the beholder. Photometric titration using the Optrode makes it possible to replace this subjective determination of the equivalence point with an objective process that is completely independent of the human eye.
The great advantage of this is that the chemistry does not change – that is, the standard operation procedure generally does not have to be adapted.
There are numerous applications in the pharmacopeia that recommend photometric titration for the analysis of APIs.
Pharmacopeia-compliant examples cover the analysis of chondroitin sulfate for treating osteoarthrosis, of bismuth nitrate for treating gastric disorders, and of zinc sulfate as an immunomodulator, to name but a few.